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Let your adopted children keep their family names. That is more just in the sight of Allah. But if you do not know their fathers, then they are ˹simply˺ your fellow believers and close associates. There is no blame on you for what you do by mistake, but ˹only˺ for what you do intentionally. And Allah is All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

Call them1 by [the names of] their fathers; it is more just in the sight of Allah. But if you do not know their fathers - then they are [still] your brothers in religion and those entrusted to you. And there is no blame upon you for that in which you have erred but [only for] what your hearts intended. And ever is Allah Forgiving and Merciful.

— Saheeh International

The Prophet has a stronger affinity to the believers than they do themselves. And his wives are their mothers. As ordained by Allah, blood relatives are more entitled ˹to inheritance˺ than ˹other˺ believers and immigrants, unless you ˹want to˺ show kindness to your ˹close˺ associates ˹through bequest˺.1 This is decreed in the Record.2 

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

The Prophet is more worthy of the believers than themselves,1 and his wives are [in the position of] their mothers. And those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the decree of Allah than the [other] believers and the emigrants, except that you may do to your close associates a kindness [through bequest]. That was in the Book2 inscribed.

— Saheeh International

And ˹remember˺ when We took a covenant from the prophets, as well as from you ˹O Prophet˺, and from Noah, Abraham, Moses, and Jesus, son of Mary. We did take a solemn covenant from ˹all of˺ them

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

And [mention, O Muḥammad], when We took from the prophets their covenant and from you and from Noah and Abraham and Moses and Jesus, the son of Mary; and We took from them a solemn covenant

— Saheeh International

so that He may question these men of truth about their ˹delivery of the˺ truth. And He has prepared a painful punishment for the disbelievers.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

That He may question the truthful about their truth.1 And He has prepared for the disbelievers a painful punishment.

— Saheeh International

ﭿ

O believers! Remember Allah’s favour upon you when ˹enemy˺ forces came to ˹besiege˺ you ˹in Medina˺,1 so We sent against them a ˹bitter˺ wind and forces you could not see.2 And Allah is All-Seeing of what you do.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

O you who have believed, remember the favor of Allah upon you when armies came to [attack] you and We sent upon them a wind and armies [of angels] you did not see. And ever is Allah, of what you do, Seeing.

— Saheeh International

˹Remember˺ when they came at you from east and west,1 when your eyes grew wild ˹in horror˺ and your hearts jumped into your throats, and you entertained ˹conflicting˺ thoughts about Allah.2

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

[Remember] when they came at you from above you and from below you, and when eyes shifted [in fear], and hearts reached the throats, and you assumed about Allah [various] assumptions.

— Saheeh International

Then and there the believers were put to the test, and were violently shaken.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

There the believers were tested and shaken with a severe shaking.

— Saheeh International

And ˹remember˺ when the hypocrites and those with sickness in their hearts said, “Allah and His Messenger have promised us nothing but delusion!”

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

And [remember] when the hypocrites and those in whose hearts is disease said, "Allah and His Messenger did not promise us except delusion,"

— Saheeh International

And ˹remember˺ when a group of them said, “O people of Yathrib!1 There is no point in you staying ˹here˺, so retreat!” Another group of them asked the Prophet’s permission ˹to leave˺, saying, “Our homes are vulnerable,” while ˹in fact˺ they were not vulnerable. They only wished to flee.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

And when a faction of them said, "O people of Yathrib,1 there is no stability for you [here], so return [home]." And a party of them asked permission of the Prophet, saying, "Indeed, our houses are exposed [i.e., unprotected]," while they were not exposed. They did not intend except to flee.

— Saheeh International

Had their city been sacked from all sides and they had been asked to abandon faith, they would have done so with little hesitation.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

And if they had been entered upon from all its [surrounding] regions and fitnah [i.e., disbelief] had been demanded of them, they would have done it and not hesitated over it except briefly.

— Saheeh International

ﯿ

They had already pledged to Allah earlier never to turn their backs ˹in retreat˺. And a pledge to Allah must be answered for.

— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, the Clear Quran

And they had already promised Allah before not to turn their backs [i.e., flee]. And ever is the promise to Allah [that about which one will be] questioned.

— Saheeh International

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